Elucidation of the methylerythritol phosphate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis in bacteria and plastids. A metabolic milestone achieved through genomics.

نویسندگان

  • Manuel Rodríguez-Concepción
  • Albert Boronat
چکیده

Plants synthesize an enormous variety of metabolites that can be classified into two groups based on their function: primary metabolites, which participate in nutrition and essential metabolic processes within the plant, and secondary metabolites (also referred to as natural products), which influence ecological interactions between plants and their environment (Croteau et al., 2000). Isoprenoids (also called terpenoids) are the most functionally and structurally varied group of plant metabolites. Isoprenoids are synthesized in all organisms but are especially abundant and diverse in plants, with tens of thousands of compounds reported to date (Chappell, 1995, 2002; McGarvey and Croteau, 1995; Croteau et al., 2000). Many isoprenoids are present in all plants and act as primary metabolites with roles in respiration, photosynthesis, and regulation of growth and development. However, the highest variety of isoprenoids is secondary metabolites that function in protecting plants against herbivores and pathogens, in attracting pollinators and seed-dispersing animals, and as allelochemicals that influence competition among plant species (Croteau et al., 2000; Chappell, 2002). Many compounds with important commercial value as flavors, pigments, polymers, fibers, glues, waxes, drugs, or agrochemicals are secondary metabolites of isoprenoid origin. Each plant species synthesizes a specific array of isoprenoid secondary metabolites, and most of them (including rubber and the anticancer drug taxol) are produced only in a few wild or semiwild plant species. Although genetic engineering appears to be a powerful tool to direct the production of both primary and secondary isoprenoid products in plants, only a partial knowledge of the pathways involved in the biosynthesis of their precursors was available until very recently. ISOPRENOID BIOSYNTHESIS. A TALE OF TWO PATHWAYS

برای دانلود رایگان متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Diversity in isoprene unit biosynthesis: The methylerythritol phosphate pathway in bacteria and plastids

The long-overlooked methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway represents an alternative to the mevalonate route for the formation of isoprene units. It is found in most bacteria as well as in the plastids of all phototrophic organisms. A selection of significant steps of its discovery and elucidation are presented in this contribution, as well as a complete hypothetical biogenetic scheme for the...

متن کامل

The mevalonate-independent methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis, including carotenoids*

A mevalonate-independent route to isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), the universal precursor of isoprenoids, is present in many bacteria, in some unicellular green algae and in the plant plastids. All essential isoprenoids related to photosynthesis, including the carotenoids, are synthesized via this alternative metabolic route. IPP is formed from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via 1-deoxy...

متن کامل

Modeling of Dolichol Mass Spectra Isotopic Envelopes as a Tool to Monitor Isoprenoid Biosynthesis.

The cooperation of the mevalonate (MVA) and methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathways, operating in parallel in plants to generate isoprenoid precursors, has been studied extensively. Elucidation of the isoprenoid metabolic pathways is indispensable for the rational design of plant and microbial systems for the production of industrially valuable terpenoids. Here, we describe a new method, base...

متن کامل

Plastid cues posttranscriptionally regulate the accumulation of key enzymes of the methylerythritol phosphate pathway in Arabidopsis.

Plastid isoprenoids (including hormones and photosynthetic pigments) are essential for plant growth and development, but relatively little is known of how the production of their metabolic precursors via the recently elucidated methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway is regulated. We have identified an Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutant that survives an otherwise lethal block of the MEP...

متن کامل

Oral Presentations O7.1 Polyisoprenoids: structure, biosynthesis and function

Polyisoprenoid alcohols, linear polymers of isoprenoid residues are widespread in nature from bacteria to human cells. Their structures, distribution and biogenesis will be highlighted. Membrane localization of polyisoprenoid alcohols within the cell and techniques used for structural elucidation will be presented. Attention will be focused on the biosynthesis of polyisoprenoid alcohols in plan...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

عنوان ژورنال:
  • Plant physiology

دوره 130 3  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2002